Inflammation of the prostate gland, unfortunately, is a fairly common disease. According to statistics almost half of men in certain age experience this problem. The causes of inflammation may be different, but because in modern medicine there are several types of this disease. One of them is bacterial prostatitis.
Such a large spread of disease, many people are interested in more information about it. What are the causes of bacterial inflammation? What symptoms should pay attention to? What modern methods of treatment are most effective?
What is prostatitis? The main forms of the disease
Before the hearing on the question, what is bacterial prostatitis, is to understand what is the prostate gland, or prostate. This is a small organ which is part of the reproductive system. It is located slightly under the bladder, around the urethra. The Prostate produces up to 70 percent of the seminal fluid, which is mixed with sperm, which is produced in the testes. The Prostate also plays an important role in the process of release of sperm and maintain an erection. It also affects the retention of urine.
Prostatitis — a disease that accompanies the inflammatory process in the tissues of the prostate. Depending on the reasons for the development of modern medicine there are several major types of diseases:
- acute bacterial prostatitis — the inflammation in this case develops due to infection with organ specific bacteria (e.g., chlamydia, gonorrhea, etc);
- in the chronic form of bacterial prostatitis usually develops in the background of improper care or its absence (illness lasting more than three months, the period of prosperity gives way to exacerbations of inflammatory process);
- nonspecific prostatitis is the inflammatory process in this disease, which is caused by the activation of conditionally pathogenic microflora, or is not associated with the bacterial infection;
- asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis occurs without obvious symptoms, and very often, the inflammatory process of decay itself.
Causes of bacterial prostatitis
As the name suggests, an inflammatory process in this case is associated with the activity of bacteria, micro-organisms. The pathogens of bacterial prostatitis quite often penetrate into the tissue of the prostate when the patient has sexually transmitted infections. Virtually all sexually transmitted diseases (e.g. gonorrhoea, chlamydia) can lead to inflammation of the prostate.
In middle-aged men, as the producer can act and conditionally pathogenic micro-organisms, such as Escherichia coli. A slightly different pattern is observed in elderly patients. The fact that a lot of men older than 50 years of age, with a diagnosis of t. i. benign prostatic hyperplasia (accompanied by tissue growth). When this pathology of the evacuation of the secretory fluid from the prostate is a barrier, which causes the starts to accumulate in the gland. The stagnation of secretions leads to active reproduction of pathogenic micro-organisms and, consequently, inflammation.
Bacterial prostatitis may develop on the basis of the different diseases of the urogenital system. For example, inflammation is much more frequently diagnosed on the background of the obstruction of the bladder, urinary tract infection, epididymitis, urethritis. The dissemination and prevalence of infection within the promotes phimosis (foreskin splicing). Trigger inflammation of the prostate can be various injuries of the perineum, the installation of a urinary catheter, which you have already performed a cystoscopy (internal examination the bladder) or a biopsy.
There are risk factors?
As you can see, is caused by the inflammation of the prostate may be different. In addition, the group of so-called risk factors, the presence of which increases the likelihood of both acute and chronic prostatitis:
- frequent infectious diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue;
- parasitic diseases;
- incomplete emptying of the bladder;
- genetic predisposition;
- irritation of the urinary canal to the aggressive chemicals;
- severe hypothermia;
- promiscuous (frequent change of sexual partners, intercourse without a condom);
- Smoking, use of drugs and alcohol (weakens the protective forces of the organism);
- the weakened immune system;
- a long time of sexual abstinence;
- severe dehydration of the body;
- the wrong food;
- neurological diseases of the urinary tract;
- constant stress, nervous exhaustion, emotional stress;
- a sedentary lifestyle, which leads to stagnation of blood in the pelvis (increasing the probability of inflammation, not only prostate, but also some of the other nearby organs).
What symptoms accompany the disease?
Signs of bacterial prostatitis, as a rule, quite characteristic. The disease begins acutely and develops quickly. Often patients first took note of the increase in body temperature, weakness, body aches, fatigue, muscle pain, nausea and vomiting.
In addition, there are problems with the urinary tract. The process of urination becomes difficult and painful, urge - more frequent. However, the bladder is not completely emptied. The flow of urinating, weak urine becomes quite unpleasant smell. You can also small amounts of impurities in the blood. This can cause pain and a burning sensation in the urethra.
Patients often note and the other symptoms of bacterial prostatitis. In particular, it is a pain in the pubic area, which also gives to the lower back. You may experience pain in the testicles and the perineum area. Men have problems with erection and ejaculation accompanied by painful feelings. Sometimes the seeds it is possible to see traces of blood. Also present pain during bowel movements.
Noticed these symptoms, you should immediately consult a doctor. The sooner the patient will receive appropriate medical care, there is less likelihood of the transition of the disease into the chronic form.
Chronic bacterial prostatitis
Immediately it should be noted that this form of the disease is quite rare. Chronic bacterial prostatitis may be associated with the activity of bacteria that are protected from the effects of drugs, as it is located deep in the tissues of the prostate. Furthermore, some microorganisms become insensitive to antibiotics, a wide range of effects.
Acute chronic bacterial prostatitis accompanied by almost the same symptoms as in the acute form of the disease. Noticed pain when urinating, pain in the abdomen and the perineum, blood in the urine, and seeds. On the other hand, a rise in temperature and other signs of poisoning are rare. Acute followed by a period of relative prosperity — man it feels good, but it does have some irregularities in the urogenital system, there are still. In particular, patients suffer from urge to urinate. They also have problems with an erection (sometimes to the point of serious erectile dysfunction and reduced sexual desire.
Disease diagnosis
For a start, the doctor performs physical examination and collecting a medical history, to get a complete picture of the symptoms that are bothering the patient. This is usually enough to suspect that it is prostatitis and that the additional tests.
The patient passes into the blood and urine samples analysis, which help to detect markers of inflammation. You also need a digital rectal examination of the prostate, which allows the doctor to determine the size, outline, consistency, body, degree of pain and some other parameters. In addition, during massage the prostate to obtain samples of her secret, which is then sent to a laboratory for analysis. Screening of samples to help determine the type of infection and the degree of sensitivity to certain medicines.
Further verification can be performed only if there is suspicion of the presence of complications. With cystoscopy, the doctor may review and assess the state of the urinary channel and bladder. Sometimes performs urodynamic tests. Transrectal ultrasound and computed tomography help to better understand the status of the prostate to detect the presence of abscesses or stones. For suspected malignant degeneration of the cells of a biopsy of the prostate.
Drug treatment of prostatitis
After conducting a full examination, the doctor will be make the most effective scheme of treatment. As a rule, in the first place, treatment of bacterial prostatitis with antibiotics. In particular, a very effective antibacterial agents are medications, which contain tetracycline and ciprofloxacin. Depending on the severity of the disease and the different infection an antibiotic therapy can last from four to six weeks. Sometimes it is in the first few days the medication is injected, and then move in the tablet form. In the form of chronic inflammation of the treatment can take up to 12 weeks.
Use of other drugs for the treatment of bacterial prostatitis. In particular for the relief of the patient's condition can antispasmodics to help relax the neck of the bladder and reducing pain during urination.
If necessary, the patient is prescribed painkillers, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which help remove heat. Positive about the condition of men will be affected by taking a multivitamin complexes, immunomodulators, biostimulants.
Other forms of treatment
During the recovery phase patients often recommend prostate massage. This procedure helps in eliminating the fluid retention in the body, improves the metabolism of the tissue, improve local immunity, restores the drainage function of the prostate and improves blood flow.
Also in the process of treatment, can be used different methods of physiotherapy, in particular:
- magnetic therapy;
- transrectal ultrasonic therapy;
- electrical stimulation.
All the above methods help to normalize blood circulation and eliminate stagnant processes.
When is surgical intervention needed?
Surgery is an extreme measure. This applies only in the case of long-term medical therapy and other treatments, has no effect. Surgical procedure for partial resection of the prostate is, as a rule, older patients. In his youth such a radical treatment to try to avoid, as it sometimes causes impotence and infertility. Surgery is most often prescribed to older patients with chronic forms of prostatitis, because they have a lot of years to suffer from problems with urination and constant pain. Additionally, it is the plastic correction, which helps to restore in a special way to normalize the bladder.
Alternative ways to treat the disease
Of course, there are some other, less conventional treatments for prostatitis. For example, sometimes a good effect gives the medicinal microclysters, treatment with leeches, acupuncture, massage.
In patients with chronic forms of the disease recommend the Spa treatments. Also positively on the state of the organism affects the particular physical exercises that will help to restore circulation and eliminate blood stasis in the pelvic organs.
How to treat bacterial prostatitis the use of folk remedies? Today there are many means to eliminate the inflammatory process. In the case that it is positive on the status of the pelvic organs sometimes affected warm sitz baths decoction of yarrow, horsetail, sage. Also offers special rectal suppositories from bee products and medicinal herbs.
In any case, it must be borne in mind that before using any tools, be sure to consult with your doctor.
What is the Outlook for patients?
Or is the treatment of bacterial prostatitis in men, in order to achieve good results? Immediately he said that the success of therapy depends on several factors, including the stage and form of disease, patient age, presence of comorbidities, etc ..
Acute bacterial prostatitis responds well to treatment. After only a few days after the beginning of the treatment the patient noted improvement of health. On the other hand, the incorrect treatment, the absence or suspension (for example, often men stop taking medication when symptoms disappear, not finishing the full course) can lead to the development of chronic forms of the disease.
Chronic prostatitis — a disease which is much more difficult to treat. Relapses can happen, again and again. In such cases, doctors often recommend patients surgery. The results of the surgical treatment, as a rule, positive. Again, sometimes surgery is fraught with the not too pleasant consequences.